12 abstracts, SLAVICA, Збірн &, ScandoSlavica

//-->.pos {position:absolute; z-index: 0; left: 0px; top: 0px;}Scando-Slavica 58:1 (2012), 184–185.Abstracts of Books in the Field of Slavic and Baltic Linguistics, Literature,Culture, History and Society Recently Published by Scandinavian Slavistsand BaltologistsJens Nørgård-Sørensen,Russian Nominal Semantics and Morphology,Bloomington, Indiana:Slavica Publishers 2011, x + 361 pp.The principal idea behind this monograph is that lexis and grammar make up a single coher-ent structure. It is shown that the grammatical patterns of the different classes of Russiannominals are closely interconnected. They can be described as reflecting a limited set ofhierarchically ordered semantic distinctions which are also rooted in the lexical-semanticclassification of Russian nouns and, in a wider perspective, closely linked to verbal seman-tics. The presentation focuses on semantics, both lexical and grammatical, and not least theconnection between these two levels of content. The principal theoretical impact is the in-sight that grammar and lexis should not be seen as a random collection of subsystems, butas a comprehensive structure of interconnected oppositions, repeating the same semanticdistinctions at different levels and in different lexical and grammatical classes. It is shownthat lexis is just as essential for grammatical studies as is grammar for lexical studies.These ideas are reflected in the structure of the book. The presentation of each class ofnominals (nouns, adjectives, pronouns and numerals) proceeds from an examination ofthe lexis and a classification of the words. This classification is basically semantic, forminga vantage point from which the grammatical description departs. Each nominal part ofspeech is first given a general semantic characterization. Then the semantic classification ofthe lexemes belonging to the given part of speech is considered, and, finally, the grammati-cal categories are analysed.Thus, the book reveals a connecting thread all through Russian grammar. The resultshave been achieved by systematically distinguishing between productive and unproductivepatterns and acknowledging the asymmetric nature of grammatical distinctions, consistingof marked and unmarked members.Jens Nørgård-Sørensen, Lars Heltoft, and Lene Schøsler,Connecting Grammaticalisation(= Studies in Functional and Structural Linguistics 65), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub-lishing Company, 2011, xiii + 347 pp.This monograph presents a view on grammaticalisation radically different from standardviews centering around the cline of grammaticality. Grammar is presented as a complexsign system, and, as a consequence, grammatical change always comprises semanticchange. What unites morphology, topology (word order), constructional syntax and othergrammatical subsystems is their paradigmatic organisation. Since all grammar is organisedin closed sets of alternations, the traditional concept of the inflexional paradigm is gener-alised as the structuring principle of grammar. Grammatical change involves paradigmaticDOI: 10.1080/00806765.2012.669924© 2012 The Association of Scandinavian Slavists and BaltologistsAbstracts of Books185restructuring, and in the process of grammatical change morphological, topological andconstructional paradigms often connect to form complex paradigms. The book introducesthe concept ofconnecting grammaticalisationto describe the formation, restructuringand dismantling of such complex paradigms.Drawing primarily on data from Germanic, Romance and Slavic languages, the bookoffers both a broad general discussion of theoretical issues and three case studies. In chap-ters 1, 2, and 3 the authors present their view on the paradigmatic organisation of gram-mar: the concept of a paradigm, applied to (1) morphology and morphological change, to(2) topology and word order change, and (3) to constructions and constructional change.In 4 the concept of connecting grammaticalisation is presented.Chapters 5–7 are separate studies by the individual authors, each of whom makes con-necting grammaticalisation a central point. Chapter 5, “Patterns of Connecting Grammati-calisation in Russian: Syntax, Animacy, and Aspect” (by Jens Nørgård-Sørensen), is anextensive study of aspect and case in Russian. It is claimed that Russian aspect and ani-macy developed as connected changes, their semantic organisation being related. Chap-ter 6, “Word Order Change as Regrammation” (by Lars Heltoft), is a study of Scandinavianverb-second and its semantic and syntactic change from the Middle Ages to the presentday, especially of word order paradigms. And finally, chapter 7, “Scenarios of Grammati-cal Change in Romance languages” (by Lene Schøsler), deals with the reinterpretationof the Latin case system in the Romance languages and its integration in constructionalparadigms.Scando-Slavica 58:1, 2012

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