1300255, OPR, HYSTER, Hyster2, SRM

//-->.pos {position:absolute; z-index: 0; left: 0px; top: 0px;}INTRODUCTIONGENERALThis section has the description and operation of thesingle–speed powershift transmission. This transmis-sion design is used in the following lift trucks:T41: S/H1.25–1.75XL (S/H25–35XL)T42: S2.00–3.00XL (S40–60XL)T43: H2.00–3.00XL (H40–60XL)The operation and internal parts of the three transmis-sions are the same. The differentials for the three trans-missions are different, but the repair procedures are sim-ilar.Some lift trucks [S/H1.25–1.75XL (S/H25–35XL) andH2.00–3.00XL (H40–60XL)] manufactured before1985 have a different powershift transmission. Thispowershift transmission is easily identified because ithas an oil filter on the left side of the transmission case.See the section,SINGLE–SPEED POWERSHIFTTRANSMISSION (1300 SRM 75)for information onthis earlier production transmission. The T41–43 seriesof powershift transmissions have an oil filter on top ofthe transmission control valve.T41–43 TRANSMISSION SHOWN111371. HOUSING, TORQUECONVERTER2. TRANSMISSION PUMP3. HOUSING, FORWARD CLUTCH4. FRONT COVER5. FORWARD HUB ANDGEAR6. CONTROL VALVE7. OUTPUT GEAR8. RING GEAR9.10.11.12.13.PINIONTRANSMISSION HOUSINGREVERSE HUB AND GEARREVERSE CLUTCHDIFFERENTIAL HOUSINGFIGURE 1. TRANSMISSION1DESCRIPTION AND OPERATIONGENERALThe powershift transmission is a constant mesh trans-mission that has one forward and one reverse speed. Thetransmission has two clutches that are applied hydrauli-cally and released by spring force.The single–speed powershift transmission has six mainparts: the torque converter, transmission pump, Forwardand Reverse clutch assemblies, a control valve, and thedifferential.The torque converter has an impeller, a turbine, and astator with a stator clutch. The impeller is fastened to theflywheel and has a set of curved blades. The turbine alsohas blades, and is connected to the input shaft (Forwardclutch housing) of the transmission by splines. The sta-tor is between the turbine and the impeller. The statorclutch is a single–direction clutch that permits the statorto turn freely in the direction of engine rotation, butlocks to prevent rotation in the opposite direction fromengine rotation. When the turbine is rotating at the samespeed as the impeller, the stator clutch permits the statorto rotate as a unit with the impeller and turbine.TORQUE CONVERTERDescriptionThe torque converter hydraulically connects the engineto the transmission. There is no direct mechanical con-nection between the engine and the transmission.OperationThe torque converter has two main functions. It operatesas a fluid clutch to smoothly transfer power from the en-gine to the transmission. The torque converter will mul-tiply the torque from the engine. When the engine worksagainst a load, the torque converter can multiply thetorque from the engine and send more torque to thetransmission. The maximum torque multiplication isavailable just before the torque converter stalls. If theneed for torque multiplication is not required, the torqueconverter operates as a fluid clutch.The impeller has a set of curved blades that acceleratesthe oil from the center of the impeller when the impellerturns. The volume of the impeller decreases towards theouter circumference. This decreasing volume increasesthe speed and energy of the oil as it leaves impeller andflows into the outer circumference of the turbine. Theforce from the high speed oil hitting the blades in the tur-bine transfers most of the energy to the turbine andcauses it to move in the direction of the engine rotation.The oil then flows from the outer circumference towardsthe center of the turbine. The turbine blades change thedirection of the oil flow so that the oil leaving the centerof the turbine is going in the direction opposite of enginerotation. This oil now has a lower velocity because it hasgiven most of its energy to rotate the turbine.94151. TURBINE2. IMPELLER3. STATOR4. STATOR CLUTCH5. STATOR TUBE6. INPUT SHAFTFIGURE 2. TORQUE CONVERTER2The stator is between the turbine and impeller in the cen-ter of the torque converter. When the oil hits the statorblades, the stator clutch prevents the stator from turningin the opposite direction of the engine rotation. Theblades of the stator change the direction of the oil so thatthe oil enters the impeller in the direction of engine rota-tion. The energy that remains in the oil flow as it leavesthe stator is added to the new energy being added to theimpeller by the engine. This use of energy, controlled bythe stator, permits the torque converter to multiply thetorque of the engine.Resistance to the flow of oil in the turbine, because ofcentrifugal force, increases as the speed of the turbineincreases. This resistance decreases the energy andamount of oil flow to the impeller from the stator. Whenthe flow to the impeller decreases, the additional forceadded to the impeller decreases. Less torque is gener-ated when less torque is needed.1294191. OUTER RACE2. ROLLERS3. SPLINES ON INNER RACEFIGURE 4. STATOR CLUTCHVORTEX FLOW94179416ROTARY FLOWFIGURE 3. TYPES OF FLOWFIGURE 5. LIFT TRUCK AT CONSTANT SPEED(NO TORQUE MULTIPLICATION)31126911269NOTE: THE REVERSECLUTCH IS SHOWN OUT OFITS NORMAL LOCATION.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.TORQUE CONVERTER HOUSINGIMPELLERTURBINESTATORSTATOR CLUTCHTRANSMISSION PUMPFORWARD CLUTCH HOUSINGFORWARD CLUTCHHUB AND GEAR (FORWARD)10. CONTROL VALVE11. FILTER12. OUTPUT GEAR13. PINION ASSEMBLY (S40–60XL)14. RING GEAR15. DIFFERENTIAL HOUSING16. TRANSMISSION HOUSING17. HUB AND GEAR (REVERSE)18. REVERSE CLUTCH19. REVERSE CLUTCH HOUSING20. FRONT COVER21. SCREENFIGURE 6. TRANSMISSION, SECTION VIEW4When the lift truck is traveling at a constant speed onlevel ground, the turbine and impeller rotate at approxi-mately the same speed. The centrifugal force of the oil isthe same for both the impeller and turbine. The oil doesnot flow through the stator and torque is not multiplied.The rotating oil hits the back of the stator blades andturns the stator in the direction of engine rotation. Thestator clutch permits the stator to turn with engine rota-tion. The impeller, turbine, stator and oil rotate as a unitwhen torque multiplication is not required.When the lift truck begins to travel up a ramp, the resis-tance to turning the turbine increases. The centrifugalforce of the oil in the turbine decreases. When the speedof the turbine is less than the speed of the impeller, thestator locks in place. Torque is multiplied only when thestator is held by the stator clutch. The oil flows from theimpeller, through the turbine and stator, and enters theimpeller to multiply the torque. The torque converteragain increases the torque when more torque is needed.clutch and a Reverse clutch. The Forward clutch hous-ing has an input shaft that is connected to the turbine ofthe torque converter. The Forward and reverse gears arealways engaged. Also, the Forward and Reverse clutchhubs are always engaged with the output shaft. Hydrau-lic pressure is used to apply one of the clutches so thatpower is transmitted from the engine through the trans-mission to the drive wheels.Each clutch assembly has a housing, piston, frictiondiscs and separator plates. The friction discs and separa-tor plates are installed in the housing in a sequence. Eachfriction disc is next to a separator plate. The separatorplates have a smooth metal surface. The friction discshave a friction material on the surface. The hub in eachclutch assembly engages with the inner splines of thefriction discs. The splines in the outer circumference ofthe separator plates engage the splines in the clutchhousing. A reaction ring holds the friction discs and sep-aratorCLUTCH ASSEMBLIESDescriptionThe transmission has two clutch assemblies, a Forward1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.CLUTCH HOUSINGCLUTCH PISTONPISTON SEALO–RINGCLUTCH SPRINGRETAINER, SPRINGSNAP RINGBALL BEARING9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.SEAL RINGSEPARATOR DISC (5)FRICTION DISC (5)REACTION RINGSNAP RINGHUB AND GEARBALL BEARINGSEAL RINGS11217FIGURE 7. CLUTCH ASSEMBLY5

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